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Martin Balluch (born 12 October 1964) is an Austrian physicist, philosopher, and prominent animal rights activist. He co-founded the Austrian Vegan Society in 1999, and has been president of the Austrian Association Against Animal Factories (') since 2002.〔Singer, Peter. (ed.) ''In Defense of Animals: The Second Wave''. Blackwell, 2006.〕 The philosopher Peter Singer has called Balluch "one of the foremost spokesmen in the worldwide animal rights movement for pursuing the nonviolent, democratic road to reform. "〔Singer, Peter. (Of great apes and men ), ''The Guardian'', 18 July 2008.〕 He was invited to run as a Green Party candidate in September 2008.〔(Jailed campaigner to run for Greens ), ''Wiener Zeitung'', (in German) 1 September 2008.〕 Balluch is notable for his role in persuading the Austrian parliament in 2004 to add a clause about non-human animals to the country's constitution, which now reads, "The state protects the life and well-being of animals in its responsibility for them as fellows of mankind. " He also helped to establish "animal solicitors" in each province, who are empowered by start court proceedings on behalf of animals,〔Balluch, Martin. "How Austria Achieved a Historic Breakthrough for Animals, " in Singer, Peter. (ed.) ''In Defense of Animals: The Second Wave''. Blackwell, 2006.〕 and he was prominent in the campaign to have chicken batteries outlawed, which resulted in their being declared illegal in Austria after 1 January 2009.〔(Interview with Martin Balluch ), ''Abolitionist-Online'', first published in ''Bite Back''. (dead link)〕 On 21 May 2008, Balluch was one of 10 leaders of Austrian animal advocacy groups jailed without charge under a law aimed at organized crime. The court recommended that the activists be held until September of the same year.〔 Balluch responded by launching a hunger strike, which led to his being artificially fed.〔(Press release ), Association against Animal Factories, 18 June 2008. (dead link)〕 He was released on 3 September 2008. In February 2010, the state prosecution announced that enough evidence had been found to put 13 animal protection activists, including the ten who had spent three months in custody, on trial. Four of the activists have released their charge sheets on the internet. The activists' supposed membership in a criminal organisation is deduced from an extensive list of expressed opinions and political activities, such as organising demonstrations and public conferences. After 14 months of trial at a cost of over €35, 000 in lawyer fees for each of the accused, a complete verdict of "not guilty" for all was handed out on May 2, 2011. == Early life and career == Balluch was born in Vienna. He obtained diplomas in mathematics and astronomy from the University of Vienna in 1986 and 1987, and his PhD in physics from the University of Heidelberg in 1989.〔(Balluch's CV ), University of Cambridge, retrieved 8 April 2015.〕 He worked for 12 years as a lecturer and researcher at the Universities of Vienna, Heidelberg, and Cambridge, before leaving academia in 1997 to become a full-time animal rights advocate.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Martin Balluch」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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